- Emancipation and formation of a
nation.
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Country populated starting from the north of China
and Mandchourie with, to north, a legendary state Choson (“Still
Morning”).
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From the IVth century AC to the
Vth c. BC, important Korean emigration towards
Japan.
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From the IVth c. to the VIth c.,
establishment of Buddhism.
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In the Vth c., according to the
“Japanese chronicles” (partly legendary), Japanese invasion which
lasted one century.
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In the VIIIth c., unification under
the aegis of the one of the kingdom of the south (Silla).
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In the Xth c., after new divisions,
the supremacy of north leads to the formation of Koryo which also
draws aside the Manchu threat.
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In the XIIIth c. Mongolian invasion
which will dominate the country during one century.
- XIV-XXth c. Choson
dynasty, greatness and vissicitudes
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XIVth c. foundation of the dynasty
by the general Yi Songgye.
The social and political organization is marked by an important
Chinese influence, through the Neo-Confucianism.
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XVth c., invention of an original
system of alphabetical and syllabic writing used simultaneously
with the Chinese ideograms (half of the lexicon is of Chinese
origin whereas the syntax of Korean presents similarities with
that of Japanese).
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XVIth c. failure of the three attempts
at invasion carried out by the Japanese (shogun Hideyoshi).
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XVIIth c. invasion by the Chinese
and establishment of a statute of vassalage (the crown prince
is hostage in Beijing).
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Medium of the XIXth c. nationalist
reactions opposite the claims of the Western powers made profitable
by Japan which constrained country with a bringing together.
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1910: annexation by Japan (previously victorious
also in the Sino-Japanese war of 1894-95 and the war Russo-Japanese
of 1904-05). This annexation will open the step with other Japanese
attacks on the continent (1931 in Mandchourie, 1937 in China…)
will last until 1945.
- From 1945 with today, a divided
country.
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1948, consequence of the agreements of Yalta, the
rendering of the Japanese is organized on both sides parallel
38° between Russians and Americans. The introduction of the "Cold
War" between the two powers perennializes the situation by the
installation of two governments.
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1950-53, the North-Korean state invades the south
(until Pusan). An international conflict results from this implying
19 other countries of which the USSR and China behind the North
Korea while UNO assists in its south (with the assistance essential
of the Americans).
The counter-attack brings about in its turn by the invasion of
north but this one is pushed back by the Chinese troops in January
1951. A war of position is established then on a stabilized front
while negotiations are led during two years until the armistice
of July 1953.
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During the passed half-century, the conflict was
not solved by a peace treaty and even less by the reunification.
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